Learn Matter for Class 6 Physics: definition, solid liquid gas, particle model, melting boiling condensation freezing sublimation, diffusion — with animated particle demos and quizzes.

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ICSE · Grade 6

Ch. 1: Matter

Matter occupies space and has mass. Three states — solid, liquid, gas — differ in particle arrangement, force and motion. Energy is not matter. States change by heating or cooling (melting, boiling, condensation, freezing, sublimation).

Quiz AI Tutor

What is matter? States of matter: solid, liquid, gas Particle model and intermolecular forces Change of state: heating and cooling Evaporation, condensation, sublimation, diffusion

Learn Concepts Real Life Story Mode Analogy Visual Exam Tips Quiz AI Tutor Mastered

Interactive science lab — Matter

Watch particle motion. Click a state to compare solids, liquids and gases.

Solid

Particles are tightly packed. Strong attraction. They only vibrate. Fixed shape and volume. Not compressible.

Shape: fixed
Volume: fixed
Force: very strong
Gaps: almost none

Solid

Rigid · fixed shape · vibration only

Liquid

Flows · fixed volume · no fixed shape

Gas

Fills space · compressible · free motion

Change of state (heat / cool)

Solid

Melting 🔥

Liquid

Vapourisation 🔥

Gas

Condensation ❄️

Liquid

Freezing ❄️

Solid

Sublimation: solid → gas (skip liquid) · Deposition: gas → solid · Energy is not matter (no mass / no space).

Diffusion demo

Particles move from higher concentration to lower concentration until mixed.

Compare at a glance

	Solid	Liquid	Gas
Shape	Fixed	Not fixed	Not fixed
Volume	Fixed	Fixed	Not fixed
Gaps	Very small	Medium	Very large
Compress?	No	No	Yes
Force	Strong	Medium	Weak

# Matter — Super Simple (with pictures in your mind) **Matter** is anything that takes up **space** and has **mass**. - Your book is matter. - Water is matter. - **Air** is matter too (even if you cannot see it). - **Heat, light, sound, electricity** are **energy** — **not matter**. ### Three “costumes” of matter 1. **Solid** — keeps its shape (ice, wood, coin) 2. **Liquid** — flows, takes the container’s shape (water, oil) 3. **Gas** — spreads out (steam, air, oxygen) ### Particle story Everything is made of tiny **atoms**. Groups of atoms form **molecules**. How tightly they pack decides solid / liquid / gas. > Use the **Interactive science lab** above: click Solid, Liquid, Gas and watch particles move!

Interesting facts Common mistakes Vocabulary Revision notes

Topics in this chapter

What is matter?
Occupies space and has mass. Air is matter. Energy is not matter.…
Atoms and molecules
Atoms: protons, electrons, neutrons. Molecules: groups of atoms.…
Solid state
Fixed shape and volume. Strong force. Pack tightly. Only vibrate. Rigid.…
Liquid state
Fixed volume, no fixed shape. Can flow. More space than solids. Not compressed.…
Gaseous state
No fixed shape or volume. Weak force. Large gaps. Compressible. Diffusion.…
Change of state
Heat/cool changes motion. Melting, boiling, evaporation, condensation, freezing, sublimation, deposi…
Compare S/L/G
Table of packing, force, shape, volume, compressibility.…

Philosophy check

What is this civilization?
Why was it advanced?
How did cities work?
Where do we still see these ideas?
Exams — what will be asked?